Paracetamol is a common painkiller and fever-reducing medicine. It is used for headaches, toothache, muscle pain, period pain, cold and flu symptoms, and many other short-term pains. In some countries it is known as acetaminophen.
Paracetamol is available as tablets, capsules, liquid, soluble tablets and suppositories. It is also included in many cold, flu and combination pain products, which makes accidental double dosing a common safety risk.
Uses
Paracetamol is used for mild to moderate pain and high temperature. It can be taken by many adults and children when used correctly, and NHS guidance describes it as usually suitable in pregnancy and breastfeeding.
It does not reduce inflammation in the same way as ibuprofen or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines.
Dose and Timing
Adults are commonly advised to take 500 mg to 1 g up to four times in 24 hours, leaving at least four hours between doses. The maximum adult dose is normally 4 g in 24 hours, but some people need a lower dose because of body weight, liver disease, alcohol use or other medicines.
Children's doses depend on age and weight, so the correct product and dose instructions should be followed carefully.
Side Effects and Risks
Side effects are uncommon when paracetamol is taken at the correct dose. Possible side effects include allergic reaction, rash and, rarely, blood disorders.
Taking too much paracetamol can cause serious liver damage and can be fatal. Symptoms may be mild or delayed at first, so urgent medical advice is needed after a possible overdose even if the person feels well.
Interactions and Precautions
Paracetamol may interact with some medicines, including warfarin when used regularly. People should check other medicines for paracetamol before taking an extra dose, especially cold and flu remedies.
People with liver disease, heavy alcohol use, very low body weight, eating disorders or long-term malnutrition should seek advice before regular use.
See Also
References
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