Diff: Kingston upon Hull
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'''Kingston upon Hull''', often referred to as simply Hull, is a city and unitary authority area in the [[East Riding of Yorkshire]], [[England]]. The city is situated on the north bank of the Humber Estuary at the mouth of the River Hull. It was founded in the late 12th century and became a major port and trading hub due to its strategic location. |
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'''Kingston upon Hull''', usually called '''Hull''', is a port city and unitary authority in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It stands where the River Hull meets the Humber Estuary. |
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== History == |
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Hull's history is rich and diverse, dating back to its establishment as a market town in the 12th century. The town's growth was driven by its maritime connections, with Hull being one of the country's leading ports during the medieval and early modern periods. In the 17th century, Hull played a significant role in the English Civil War, serving as a base for both Royalist and Parliamentary forces. |
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Hull has a long maritime history, including medieval trade, docks, fishing, whaling, ferry routes, industry and later cultural regeneration. It was UK City of Culture in 2017. |
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During the Industrial Revolution, Hull became an important centre for the production of chemicals, shipbuilding, and food processing. The city's prosperity continued into the 20th century, with the development of its fishing industry and the construction of docks and wharves. |
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== Name and Location == |
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The city developed around the River Hull and the Humber. The settlement was known as Wyke before King Edward I acquired it and granted a charter in 1299, after which it became King's town upon Hull, later Kingston upon Hull. |
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== Economy == |
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Hull's economy is diverse and includes industries such as manufacturing, retail, healthcare, and education. The city is home to a number of major employers, including the University of Hull, Hull Royal Infirmary, and Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy. |
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Hull's location gave it access to inland Yorkshire and North Sea trade. That position shaped its port, docks, warehouses and later industrial development. |
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The city's port remains an important part of its economy, handling millions of tonnes of cargo each year. The port serves as a hub for trade with Europe and the rest of the world, and is a major contributor to Hull's economy. |
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== Maritime History == |
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Hull History Centre describes the River Hull changing course after a major flood in 1253, creating the course that became the Old Harbour. Maritime Hull notes that Hull's first dock opened in the 1770s and helped move maritime activity away from the congested river frontage. |
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The city's docks supported wool exports, fishing, whaling, timber, passenger traffic, ferries, industrial cargo and later renewable-energy supply chains. |
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== Government and Economy == |
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Hull is governed by Hull City Council as a unitary authority. It is closely connected with the surrounding East Riding through commuting, transport, services and the Humber economy. |
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Modern Hull includes port activity, manufacturing, healthcare, education, retail, public services, culture, tourism and renewable-energy industries. Siemens Gamesa's blade factory is one of the best-known modern industrial investments connected with the city. |
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== Culture == |
== Culture == |
Hull has a rich cultural heritage, with a number of historic buildings and attractions. The city's Old Town is home to a number of medieval and Georgian buildings, including the famous Holy Trinity Church, which dates back to the 14th century. |
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Hull was UK City of Culture in 2017. The title helped bring attention to the city's museums, galleries, music, theatre, maritime history and public art. |
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Hull is also known for its vibrant arts scene, with a number of theatres, galleries, and museums. The city is home to the Hull Truck Theatre, the Hull Maritime Museum, and the Ferens Art Gallery. |
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Important cultural institutions include Hull Truck Theatre, Ferens Art Gallery, Hull Maritime Museum, Hull History Centre and the University of Hull. The poet Philip Larkin is strongly associated with the city through his work at the University of Hull library. |
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== Sport == |
== Sport == |
Hull has a strong sporting heritage, with a number of professional sports teams. The city is home to the Hull City football club, which plays at the KCOM Stadium, and the Hull Kingston Rovers rugby league club, which plays at Craven Park. |
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The city also has a number of sports facilities, including the Hull Arena, which hosts ice hockey and figure skating events, and the Hull Cricket Club, which plays at the Hull Cricket Ground. |
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Hull is represented by several professional sports clubs, including Hull City in football and Hull FC and Hull Kingston Rovers in rugby league. |
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== Transport == |
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Hull is well-connected by road, rail, and air. The city is served by the A63, which connects Hull to the M62 motorway and the rest of the UK's road network. Hull Paragon Interchange is the city's main railway station, offering services to London, Manchester, and other major cities. |
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Rugby league is especially important to the city's sporting identity because the city has two major clubs with distinct histories and local followings. |
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Hull is also served by Humberside Airport, which offers flights to destinations across Europe. |
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== See Also == |
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* [[East_Riding_of_Yorkshire]] |
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* [[Yorkshire]] |
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* [[British]] |
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== Education == |
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Hull has a number of schools and colleges, as well as a university. The University of Hull is a public research university, with a strong reputation for its academic and research programmes. The university is also home to a number of research institutes and centres of excellence. |
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== References == |
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* [https://www.hullhistorycentre.org.uk/research/research-guides/A-Brief-History-of-Hull.aspx Hull History Centre: a brief history of Hull] |
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* [https://maritimehull.co.uk/the-city/high-street Maritime Hull: the story of High Street] |
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* [https://www.hull.gov.uk/ Hull City Council] |
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* [https://www.britishcouncil.es/en/programmes/arts/hull/hull-city-culture British Council: Hull UK City of Culture] |
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== Notable People == |
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Hull has been home to a number of notable people, including the poet Philip Larkin, the artist David Hockney, the road raging [[Ronnie Pickering]], and the actress Maureen Lipman. |
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[[Category:Yorkshire]] |
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[[Category:Cities]] |
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[[Category:England]] |