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	'''China''', officially the '''People's Republic of China''', is a country in East Asia. It is one of the world's largest countries by area and has one of the world's largest populations. Its capital is Beijing.

China, officially known as the People's Republic of China, is a vast and culturally rich nation located in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country and is renowned for its ancient history, diverse culture, and rapid economic growth. China's unique blend of tradition and modernity has made it a global powerhouse in various fields. This article provides an overview of China's history, culture, political landscape, and key figures.
	China's recorded history spans ancient dynasties, imperial rule, revolution, civil war, socialist state-building, market reform and rapid industrial growth. It is now a major global power in manufacturing, trade, technology, diplomacy and military affairs.

	== Geography ==
	China borders many countries and has coastlines on the Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea. Its landscape includes mountains, deserts, plateaus, river basins, plains, forests and long coastal regions.

	Major physical features include the Himalayas, Tibetan Plateau, Gobi Desert, Yangtze River and Yellow River. The east and south contain many of the country's largest cities and economic zones.

== History ==	== History ==
China boasts a rich history dating back thousands of years. It is one of the world's oldest civilisations, with its roots in the Yellow River valley. The ancient dynasties, such as the Qin, Han, Tang, and Ming, have significantly influenced China's culture, governance, and societal norms. The Great Wall of China, constructed during various dynasties, reflects the nation's historical accomplishments.
	China's early civilisation developed around river valleys and later dynastic states. Important dynasties include the Qin, Han, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing.

== Chinese Culture and People ==
Chinese culture is incredibly diverse, encompassing a wide range of traditions, languages, cuisines, and art forms. The Confucian philosophy has played a vital role in shaping Chinese society, emphasising values such as respect for elders, harmony, and filial piety. Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival, is one of the most important cultural celebrations, marked by vibrant parades, family gatherings, and traditional performances.
	The Qing dynasty fell in 1911, leading to the Republic of China. After civil war and Japanese invasion, the Communist Party of China founded the People's Republic of China in 1949.

== Social Credit System ==
The [[Social Credit System]] is a notable modern development in China. It is a comprehensive socio-economic and behavioural monitoring framework that assesses individuals, businesses, and institutions based on predefined criteria. The system aims to encourage trustworthiness and integrity through rewards and penalties. It has garnered significant attention globally due to concerns about privacy, individual rights, and potential misuse.
	== Government ==
	China is governed as a one-party socialist republic led by the Communist Party of China. The National People's Congress is formally the highest organ of state power.

== Alliances and Enemies ==
China's diplomatic landscape is dynamic, characterised by a web of alliances and rivalries. As of my last knowledge update in September 2021, China has established strong economic ties with nations worldwide. It is a member of international organisations such as the United Nations and the World Trade Organisation. China's relations with countries like the United States, Russia, and its Asian neighbours have shaped its foreign policy.
	The State Council is the chief administrative authority, while the Communist Party controls the central political direction of the state, military and public institutions.

== Leadership: President and Key Figures ==
The President of the People's Republic of China is the head of state and a key figure in the nation's leadership structure. Xi Jinping is serving as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the President of China, and the Chairman of the Central Military Commission. Xi Jinping's leadership has been marked by initiatives aimed at economic development, anti-corruption campaigns, and asserting China's global influence.
	== Economy ==
	China moved from a highly planned economy towards market-oriented reforms from the late 1970s. It became a major manufacturing and export centre and later expanded strongly into infrastructure, technology, finance and services.

== Government Structure ==
China operates under a one-party socialist system, with the Communist Party of China (CPC) being the sole governing party. The National People's Congress (NPC) is the highest organ of state power and is responsible for passing legislation and making important decisions. The Premier of the State Council, who is the head of government, manages the day-to-day administration of the country.
	Economic growth has also brought problems, including inequality, environmental pressure, local-government debt, housing-market stress and tensions with other major economies.

	== Culture ==
	Chinese culture includes many languages, regional identities, cuisines, religions, philosophies, festivals, arts and literary traditions. Mandarin Chinese is the official national language, while many other Chinese languages and minority languages are spoken.

	Confucianism, Daoism, Buddhism, folk religion, imperial history and modern nationalism all influence different parts of Chinese cultural life.

	== See Also ==
	* [[Asia]]
	* [[Russia]]
	* [[United_States_of_America]]

	== References ==
	* [https://www.britannica.com/place/China Encyclopaedia Britannica: China]
	* [https://www.npc.gov.cn/englishnpc/index.shtml National People's Congress of China]
	* [https://www.gov.cn/english/ State Council of the People's Republic of China]

	[[Category:Countries]]
	[[Category:Asia]]